What type of suspension system uses both coil springs and shock absorbers?

The MacPherson strut suspension is a widely used design that incorporates both coil springs and shock absorbers to create a straightforward and effective suspension system. In this setup, the coil spring provides the necessary support and cushioning to absorb road shocks, while the shock absorber (or damper) controls the oscillation and movement of the springs, ensuring that the ride is smooth and stable.

This system allows for a compact design, making it popular in many modern vehicles. It connects the wheel hub to the vehicle's chassis in a manner that supports lateral forces during cornering, enhancing handling and stability. The integration of the spring and damper into a single unit (the strut) is a hallmark of this design, optimizing space and weight.

In contrast, other suspension types may prioritize different characteristics or configurations. For example, leaf spring suspension primarily uses leaf springs for load-bearing support, while air suspension relies on air-filled bags to adjust ride height and comfort. Independent suspension allows each wheel to react independently to road conditions, but does not inherently specify the use of coil springs and shock absorbers. Thus, the distinct combination of coil springs and shock absorbers within the MacPherson strut design makes it the correct answer.