What are the two main types of suspension systems?

The classification of suspension systems into dependent and independent categories is based on how the wheels are connected and how they react to road conditions. In dependent suspension systems, the movement of one wheel can directly affect the movement of another; this means that if one wheel experiences a bump, it can influence the other wheel’s position on the same axle. This type is commonly found in solid axle setups, where both wheels share a common beam.

On the other hand, independent suspension systems allow each wheel to move independently of the others. This design helps improve ride comfort and handling, as the performance of one wheel does not interfere with the others. Independent systems are prevalent in modern vehicles and are appreciated for their ability to provide better traction and stability, especially in cornering or when negotiating uneven terrain.

This classification is not just critical for understanding vehicle dynamics but also informs vehicle design choices based on intended use, performance, and comfort. Other listed options, such as active and passive suspension systems or hydraulic and mechanical systems, describe different characteristics or technologies within the broader category of suspension systems, rather than fundamental types of suspension setups. Similarly, front and rear suspension systems differentiate based on location rather than the underlying suspension technology.